Basic Photography Lesson
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Thursday 29 March 2012
Monday 26 March 2012
Broadcast Journalism Notes/Journalism notes
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What does print journalism supply that broadcast journalism does not? | a level of depth, context and sheer information |
| How does broadcast journalism convey its message? | through the power of dramatic video and engaging audio, offers emotional appeal, realism and immediacy |
| What do critics say about broadcast journalism? | it treats news as entertainment, evading complex issues while sensationalizing conflicts, crimes, car chases, etc. |
| What do critics say about print journalism? | newspapers
aren't entertaining enough-- they're full of dull-but- important
government stores and serious-but-boring social issues that seldom
connect with modern Americans |
| the radio news director... | serves as a one-person newsroom, writing local stories, reworking wire copy and serving as the anchor who reads news on the air. |
| know "sound bites" | short audio clips |
| know "readers" | short text for radio anchors to deliver |
| know "wraps" | longer packages that incorporate sound bites and the reporter's own narrative in radio journalism |
| length of typical radio story | 20 seconds of narration and 10 seconds of sound bites |
| how to TV reporters start their days? | with news meetings |
| what does the assignment desk do? | it monitors who covers what out in the field |
| How do TV journalists work with their photographers? | they work side by side since video is essential in most stories. |
| What is a package? | reporters return to the radio station for some stories and review the video, write a script, and assemble a (__) |
| How long is a typical TV news story? | It consists of four or five sentences lasting 40 seconds |
| How fast do broadcast journalists read? | generally 150-180 words per minute |
| what is the slug? (radio) | name of the story along with the writer's initials and date |
| How are numbers written? | for radio the way they are pronounced- for broadcast they are spelled out |
| How are acronyms written? | With hyphens in between letters to differentiate... |
| What is a cut/actuality? (radio) | indicates a prerecorded quote |
| What does SOT stand for and what is it? | "Sound on tape" and it means that the anchor has stopped talking and viewers are now watching the senator's sound bite. |
| What does TRT stand for? | "Total Running Time" |
| What are the 10 ways that broadcast newswriting differs from traditional news writing? | 1) Use a friendlier, more conversational tone; 2) keep it short.simple and easy to follow; 3) Don't structure stories in the inverted-pyramid form; 4) use the present tense as often as possible 5) contractions are acceptable, even for hard news stories; 6) attributions and quotes require different treatment; 7) add phonetic pronunciation when necessary; 8) use punctuation to help -- not hinder -- the delivery; 9) avoid abbreviations and symbols; 10) numbers:round them off and spell them out |
| What are some tips for creating radio news stories? | -
Write to your bites; - Make every word count; - focus on people; - read
your stories aloud; - record natural sounds, too; - paint word pictures |
| How to sound like a pro... | - record yourself; -adjust your delivery; - remember; -study the pros; -practice |
| Anchor | the person hosting a newscast |
| Actuality (cut; sound bite; bite) | the
recorded voice of someone in the news, or sound from a news event.
These include statments from publi cofficials, interviews with
eyewitnesses, commeents from experts--event he shouts of an angry mob |
| Natural Sound (ambient sound) | sounds recorded to capture the flavor of a news scene--birds singing, crowds cheering, planes landing |
| Script | the written version of a news story |
| Voicer | a
news story by a reporter that doesn't use actualities. When it's
delivered by an anchor reading a script, it's called a reader. |
| Lead-in | Words that introduce some element in the story -- identifying the source in a cut, for instance. |
| Live | Not prerecorded; usually refers to stories filed from a news scene |
| Wrap (package) | A story that begins and ends with a reporter's voice "wrapped" around one or more actualities or cuts |
| Intro (anchor intro) | the lead to a reporter's wrap, read by an anchor |
| In-cue | The first words of a cut or wrap |
| Out-cue | the final words of a cut or wrap |
| Tag (sign-off; sign-out; lockout; standard outcue) | the closing line where reporters say their names and station call letters |
| Talent | Reporters, anchors, disc jockeys -- those paid to appear on the air (as opposed to engineers or office staff) |
| Tease | A brief headline or promo for a coming story |
| Advice for beginning television news reporters | collaborate; write to the video; don't overload with facts; engage viewer's emotions; look professional |
| video interviewing tips | find
a location; get to the point; maintain eye contact; rephrase and re-ask
questions; watch for good sound bites; avoid "stepping on" sound bites;
remember to shoot cutaways |
| four common story formats | reader; voice-over; voice-over to sound on tape; package |
| Audio | Sound heard on TV |
| Video | Images seen on TV |
| Sound bite | a recorded comment from a news source, suually audio and video |
| Track | the aduio recording of a reporter narrating a story |
| B-roll (cover) | Video
images shot at a news scene that are later used to illustrate a sound
bite or reporter's track that was recorded separately |
| Stand-up | a shot of a reporter at a news scene talking into the camera; if it's live it's called a live shot |
| package | a
story that's prepared by a reporter, usually taped, featuring the
reporter's track, one r more sound bites and often a stand-up |
| Anchor intro (lead-in) | the lead, read by an anchor, that introduces a reporter's package |
| Bridge | a stand-up that moves the story from one angle to another |
| Toss | What's said as one anchor or reporter hands off to another |
| On cam (o/c) | on-camera; the image that's being telecast |
| VO, voice-over | when the anchor speaks over video, or when a reporter narrates over video cover |
| SOT, sound-on-tape | a recorded sound bite played during a story |
| Rundwon | the order in which stories will appear during a newscast |
| Prompter | a device that projects a news script in front of the camera lens for an anchor to read |
| Talking head | a person being interviewed; a dull sound bite of someone just talking |
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